The English word for "首都" is "capital".
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The capital city of a country is typically referred to as the "capital" in English. Specifically, the term "capital" is used to denote the primary city where the government's central administrative offices are located, and where major political, economic, and cultural activities take place. The word "capital" can also be capitalized when used as part of the city's name, as in Washington, D.C. or Paris.
In addition to the term "capital," there are various ways to refer to the capital city in English depending on the context. Some possible synonyms include:
- Seat of government: This term emphasizes the city's role as the administrative center of a country.
- Political hub: This phrase highlights the city's significance in terms of political activities and decision-making.
- Administrative center: This term emphasizes the city's role as the administrative headquarters of the country.
- Major city/major metropolitan area: These phrases acknowledge the city's importance in terms of population, economic activities, and cultural offerings.
It is worth noting that while the term "capital" appears in many city names, not all cities with the word "capital" in their name are actual capital cities. For example, Kansas City in the United States is not the capital of the state of Kansas; it is actually located in the neighboring state of Missouri.
In conclusion, the term "capital" is generally used to refer to the main city where the government's central administrative offices are located. However, there are also alternative terms that can be used to describe the capital city depending on the context.